Hydromorphone Description 

Hydromorphone belongs to a class of medicines called Opioid analgesics. It is a potent Opioid medication for managing moderate to severe acute or severe chronic pain in adults.

This medication is recommended for the short-term treatment of pain and is mainly used to treat and manage pain and to alleviate discomfort. 

It is an Opioid based pain medicine that is recommended to be used only on a doctor’s prescription. It is not the same as morphine, it is much more potent (powerful) than that. So remember to be cautious not to confuse the two. 

Its rapid onset of action makes it more effective in relieving and managing pain. It works directly on the opioid receptors in the central nervous system by interrupting the way the nerves signal the pain between the body and the brain. 

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Strength And Forms Of Hydromorphone

These medications come in two forms such as immediate-release, and extended-release tablets. 

Immediate-release tablets start working immediately and provide instant relief from pain. On the other hand, extended-release tablets take time to work and provide pain relief and relaxation over time. 

These medications are available in various forms such as –

Immediate-Release Tablets –

• 2mg
• 4mg
• 8mg

Extended-Release Tablets –

• 8mg
• 12mg
• 16mg
• 32mg

Use Of Hydromorphone

This medication is generally used for pain management and is used to treat mild to severe acute pain and severe chronic pain that requires Opioid analgesics and when all other Opioid and non-opioid medications fail to work. 

Hydromorphone is the most powerful Opioid medicine, and because of that it contains a higher risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction. Using any other Opioid medication with this medication can lead to serious shrug interaction that may prove to be fatal to your health. 

Talk to your doctor, if you are suffering from any kidney or liver problem or if you are suffering from multiple health conditions before using this medication. 

Using Hydromorphone with CNS depressants, including Benzodiazepines and barbiturates, can induce severe respiratory depression and (central nervous system) CNS disorder. 

Dose Of Hydromorphone 

The dose of this medication varies from person to person according to an individual’s age, sex, and health conditions and based on the intensity of pain and response of the medicine. 

The dose of this medication should not be exceeded in any case unless your doctor tells you to do so. 

For Moderate To Severe Pain –

• The initial dose of an immediate-release tablet is 2 – 4 mg to be taken every 4  – 6 hours in a day. Your doctor may adjust or increase your dose as required. 
• The usual dose of oral liquid is 2.5 – 10 mg (2.5 -10 mL), taken every 2 – 3 hours in a day.

For Chronic Severe Pain – 

• Opioid-tolerant patients only use extended-release tablets, 8 – 64 mg per day. When using oral liquid solution, the recommended dose is 2.5 – 10 mg, taken every 2 – 3 hours.

If you skip a dose of this medication, do not take two doses at a time. Take the next dose at the prescribed time and skip the missed one.  

Side Effects Of Hydromorphone 

Excess use and overdose of this medication without a doctor’s prescription can cause serious health problems, and it can affect your liver leading to severe liver damage.

Take immediate medical help if you experience any of the common to serious side effects while using this medication because if it’s left untreated, it can cause serious health problems. 

Some Common Side Effects Of Hydromorphone Are –

• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Lightheadedness
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Sweating 
• Euphoria
• Headache 
• Dry mouth
• Constipation
• Fatigue
• Itching 
• Redness on the skin

Some More Serious Side Effects Of Hydromorphone Are –

• Heart problem 
• Stomach problem 
• Vision changes
• Change in blood pressure 
• Mood and behavioral changes
• Nervous system and muscle problems
• Adrenal insufficiency
• Androgen Insufficiency
• Extreme drowsiness
• Trouble breathing or shortness of breath

The risk of side effects are higher, if –

• If you are using a Hydromorphone for the first time
• When the dose of Hydromorphone increases
• If you are suffering from a liver disease
• If you are 65 years old or older than that
• If you are suffering from multiple health problems

Overdose of this medication can cause severe withdrawal symptoms that can be life-threatening to one’s health, and when it is used on a regular basis for a prolonged period of time, it can lead to severe liver damage. 

Precautions  

To lower the risks of abuse, misuse, and addiction, and to prevent any severe side effects you must avoid making these mistakes while using this medication. 

• Avoid drinking alcohol because using Hydromorphone and alcohol together can increase the risks of respiratory depression. 
• Talk to your doctor if you have or have had any history of kidney or liver disease, as it may prove to be life-threatening to your health. 
• While a severe allergic reaction is rarely seen, in some rare cases it can cause allergic reactions such as itching, rashes, hives, and swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat.
• This medication should not be used during pregnancy and the breastfeeding period, as it can be harmful to the neonates. 
• Eat dietary fibers, and drink enough water to prevent constipation. 

Final Words  

Hydromorphone is indicated and should be used only for the short-term treatment of pain, as it can cause dependency and addiction when used for a prolonged period without a doctor’s prescription. 

You can safely use this medication on a doctor’s prescription for safe and effective treatment when all other Opioid and non-opioid medications fail to work or are ineffective in the treatment.

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